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Containers

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Containers#

In the previous section, we have introduced numerics of type int and float, as well as text variable. Often we would like to group many of numerics or strings together to perform larger operations. This section introduces classes of containers to group values together.

List#

Lists are generic containers for other objects, which can be of any type. They are created with square brackets [].

a_list = [1.0, 2, "abc"]

Here are a few important methods that can used on a list.

  • Indexing (accessing) elements of the list (count starts at 0)

a_list[0]

1.0

  • Adding (appending) to the list.

a_list += ["new"]
a_list

[1.0, 2, 'abc', 'new']

  • Removing an element from the list using the pop method with index

a_list.pop(0)
a_list

[2, 'abc', 'new']

  • Finding the index of an element within the list. The same method applies to string objects.

a_list.index("abc")

1

Dictionary#

Dictionaries (dict) are also containers for objects but give an additional level of structure over lists as every value of the dictionary is indexed by a key. A dictionary is created with a list of key: value pairs within braces {}.

my_dict = {"integer": 2}

Here are a few important methods that can used on a dict.

  • Accessing values using the key

my_dict["integer"]

2

  • Adding entries

my_dict["new"] = 123
my_dict

{'integer': 2, 'new': 123}

  • Removing entries

del my_dict["new"]
my_dict

{'integer': 2}

  • Looping over keys

list(my_dict)

['integer']

  • Looping over values

list(my_dict.values())

[2]

  • Looping over both keys and values

list(my_dict.items())

[('integer', 2)]

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